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114 lines
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114 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
[appendix]
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[[appendix_docker]]
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== Docker Basic Installation and Use
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This book contains a number of examples that run inside docker containers, for standardization across different operating systems.
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This section will help you install Docker and familiarize yourself with some of the most commonly used Docker commands, so that you can run the book's example containers.
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=== Installing Docker
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Before we begin, you should install the Docker container system on your computer. Docker is an open system that is distributed for free as a _Community Edition_ for many different operating systems including Windows, Mac OS and Linux. The Windows and Mac versions are called _Docker Desktop_ and consist of a GUI desktop application and command-line tools. The Linux version is called _Docker Engine_ and is comprised of a server daemon and command-line tools. We will be using the command-line tools, which are identical across all platforms.
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Go ahead and install Docker for your operating system by following the instructions to _"Get Docker"_ from the Docker website found here:
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https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/
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Select your operating system from the list and follow the installation instructions.
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[TIP]
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====
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If you install on Linux, follow the post-installation instructions to ensure you can run Docker as a regular user instead of user _root_. Otherwise, you will need to prefix all +docker+ commands with +sudo+, running them as root like: +sudo docker+.
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====
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Once you have Docker installed, you can test your installation by running the demo container +hello-world+ like this:
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[docker-hello-world]
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----
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$ docker run hello-world
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Hello from Docker!
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This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
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[...]
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----
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=== Basic Docker commands
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In this chapter, we use Docker quite extensively. We will be using the following Docker commands and arguments:
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*Building a container*
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----
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docker build [-t tag] [directory]
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----
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...where +tag+ is how we identify the container we are building, and +directory+ is where the container's "context" (folders and files) and definition file (+Dockerfile+) are found.
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*Running a container*
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----
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docker run -it [--network netname] [--name cname] tag
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----
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...where +netname+ is the name of a Docker network, +cname+ is the name we choose for this container instance and +tag+ is the name tag we gave the container when we built it.
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*Executing a command in a container*
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----
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docker exec cname command
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----
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...where +cname+ is the name we gave the container in the +run+ command, and +command+ is an executable or script that we want to run inside the container.
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*Stopping and starting a container*
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In most cases, if we are running a container in an _interactive_ as well as _terminal_ mode, i.e. with the +i+ and +t+ flags (combined as +-it+) set, the container can be stopped by simply pressing +CTRL-C+ or by exiting the shell with +exit+ or +CTRL-D+. If a container does not terminate, you can stop it from another terminal like this:
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----
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docker stop cname
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----
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To resume an already existing container use the `start` command, like so:
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----
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docker start cname
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----
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*Deleting a container by name*
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If you name a container instead of letting Docker name it randomly, you cannot reuse that name until the container is deleted. Docker will return an error like this:
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[source,bash]
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----
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docker: Error response from daemon: Conflict. The container name "/bitcoind" is already in use...
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----
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To fix this, delete the existing instance of the container:
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----
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docker rm cname
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----
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...where +cname+ is the name assigned to the container (+bitcoind+ in the example error message)
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*List running containers*
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----
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docker ps
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----
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...shows the current running containers and their names
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*List docker images*
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----
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docker image ls
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----
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...shows the docker images that have been built or downloaded on your computer
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=== Conclusion
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These basic Docker commands will be enough to get you started and will allow you to run all the examples in this book.
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