Allow to configure the JWK using the encrypted key.

cas/stepcas/issuer.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/ca"
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas/apiv1"
 )
 
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ type stepIssuer interface {
 }
 
 // newStepIssuer returns the configured step issuer.
-func newStepIssuer(caURL *url.URL, iss *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) (stepIssuer, error) {
+func newStepIssuer(caURL *url.URL, client *ca.Client, iss *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) (stepIssuer, error) {
 	if err := validateCertificateIssuer(iss); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ func newStepIssuer(caURL *url.URL, iss *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) (stepIssuer, er
 	case "x5c":
 		return newX5CIssuer(caURL, iss)
 	case "jwk":
-		return newJWKIssuer(caURL, iss)
+		return newJWKIssuer(caURL, client, iss)
 	default:
 		return nil, errors.Errorf("stepCAS `certificateIssuer.type` %s is not supported", iss.Type)
 	}
@@ -65,11 +66,11 @@ func validateX5CIssuer(iss *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) error {
 	}
 }
 
-// validateJWKIssuer validates the configuration of jwk issuer.
+// validateJWKIssuer validates the configuration of jwk issuer. If the key is
+// not given, then it will download it from the CA. If the password is not given
+// it will be asked.
 func validateJWKIssuer(iss *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) error {
 	switch {
-	case iss.Key == "":
-		return errors.New("stepCAS `certificateIssuer.key` cannot be empty")
 	case iss.Provisioner == "":
 		return errors.New("stepCAS `certificateIssuer.provisioner` cannot be empty")
 	default:

cas/stepcas/issuer_test.go

@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/ca"
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas/apiv1"
+	"go.step.sm/crypto/jose"
 )
 
 type mockErrIssuer struct{}
@@ -23,15 +25,27 @@ func (m mockErrIssuer) Lifetime(d time.Duration) time.Duration {
 	return d
 }
 
+type mockErrSigner struct{}
+
+func (s *mockErrSigner) Sign(payload []byte) (*jose.JSONWebSignature, error) {
+	return nil, apiv1.ErrNotImplemented{}
+}
+
+func (s *mockErrSigner) Options() jose.SignerOptions {
+	return jose.SignerOptions{}
+}
+
 func Test_newStepIssuer(t *testing.T) {
-	caURL, err := url.Parse("https://ca.smallstep.com")
+	caURL, client := testCAHelper(t)
+	signer, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	type args struct {
-		caURL *url.URL
-		iss   *apiv1.CertificateIssuer
+		caURL  *url.URL
+		client *ca.Client
+		iss    *apiv1.CertificateIssuer
 	}
 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@@ -39,7 +53,7 @@ func Test_newStepIssuer(t *testing.T) {
 		want    stepIssuer
 		wantErr bool
 	}{
-		{"x5c", args{caURL, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+		{"x5c", args{caURL, client, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
 			Type:        "x5c",
 			Provisioner: "X5C",
 			Certificate: testX5CPath,
@@ -50,16 +64,16 @@ func Test_newStepIssuer(t *testing.T) {
 			keyFile:  testX5CKeyPath,
 			issuer:   "X5C",
 		}, false},
-		{"jwk", args{caURL, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+		{"jwk", args{caURL, client, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
 			Type:        "jwk",
 			Provisioner: "ra@doe.org",
 			Key:         testX5CKeyPath,
 		}}, &jwkIssuer{
-			caURL:   caURL,
-			keyFile: testX5CKeyPath,
-			issuer:  "ra@doe.org",
+			caURL:  caURL,
+			issuer: "ra@doe.org",
+			signer: signer,
 		}, false},
-		{"fail", args{caURL, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+		{"fail", args{caURL, client, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
 			Type:        "unknown",
 			Provisioner: "ra@doe.org",
 			Key:         testX5CKeyPath,
@@ -67,11 +81,14 @@ func Test_newStepIssuer(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, err := newStepIssuer(tt.args.caURL, tt.args.iss)
+			got, err := newStepIssuer(tt.args.caURL, tt.args.client, tt.args.iss)
 			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
 				t.Errorf("newStepIssuer() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
 				return
 			}
+			if tt.args.iss.Type == "jwk" && got != nil && tt.want != nil {
+				got.(*jwkIssuer).signer = tt.want.(*jwkIssuer).signer
+			}
 			if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, tt.want) {
 				t.Errorf("newStepIssuer() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
 			}

cas/stepcas/jwk_issuer.go

@@ -1,33 +1,55 @@
 package stepcas
 
 import (
+	"crypto"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"net/url"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/provisioner"
+	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/ca"
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas/apiv1"
+	"go.step.sm/cli-utils/ui"
 	"go.step.sm/crypto/jose"
 	"go.step.sm/crypto/randutil"
 )
 
 type jwkIssuer struct {
-	caURL    *url.URL
-	issuer   string
-	keyFile  string
-	password string
+	caURL  *url.URL
+	issuer string
+	signer jose.Signer
 }
 
-func newJWKIssuer(caURL *url.URL, cfg *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) (*jwkIssuer, error) {
-	_, err := newJWKSigner(cfg.Key, cfg.Password)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+func newJWKIssuer(caURL *url.URL, client *ca.Client, cfg *apiv1.CertificateIssuer) (*jwkIssuer, error) {
+	var err error
+	var signer jose.Signer
+	// Read the key from the CA if not provided.
+	// Or read it from a PEM file.
+	if cfg.Key == "" {
+		p, err := findProvisioner(client, provisioner.TypeJWK, cfg.Provisioner)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		kid, key, ok := p.GetEncryptedKey()
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, errors.Errorf("provisioner with name %s does not have an encrypted key", cfg.Provisioner)
+		}
+		signer, err = newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(kid, key, cfg.Password)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		signer, err = newJWKSigner(cfg.Key, cfg.Password)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}
 
 	return &jwkIssuer{
-		caURL:    caURL,
-		issuer:   cfg.Provisioner,
-		keyFile:  cfg.Key,
-		password: cfg.Password,
+		caURL:  caURL,
+		issuer: cfg.Provisioner,
+		signer: signer,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -50,18 +72,13 @@ func (i *jwkIssuer) Lifetime(d time.Duration) time.Duration {
 }
 
 func (i *jwkIssuer) createToken(aud, sub string, sans []string) (string, error) {
-	signer, err := newJWKSigner(i.keyFile, i.password)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
 	id, err := randutil.Hex(64) // 256 bits
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
 	claims := defaultClaims(i.issuer, sub, aud, id)
-	builder := jose.Signed(signer).Claims(claims)
+	builder := jose.Signed(i.signer).Claims(claims)
 	if len(sans) > 0 {
 		builder = builder.Claims(map[string]interface{}{
 			"sans": sans,
@@ -90,3 +107,51 @@ func newJWKSigner(keyFile, password string) (jose.Signer, error) {
 	so.WithHeader("kid", kid)
 	return newJoseSigner(signer, so)
 }
+
+func newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(kid, key, password string) (jose.Signer, error) {
+	var jwk jose.JSONWebKey
+
+	// If the password is empty it will use the password prompter.
+	b, err := jose.Decrypt([]byte(key),
+		jose.WithPassword([]byte(password)),
+		jose.WithPasswordPrompter("Please enter the password to decrypt the provisioner key", func(msg string) ([]byte, error) {
+			return ui.PromptPassword(msg)
+		}))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Decrypt returns the JSON representation of the JWK.
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &jwk); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing provisioner key")
+	}
+
+	signer, ok := jwk.Key.(crypto.Signer)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("error parsing provisioner key: key is not a crypto.Signer")
+	}
+
+	so := new(jose.SignerOptions)
+	so.WithType("JWT")
+	so.WithHeader("kid", kid)
+	return newJoseSigner(signer, so)
+}
+
+func findProvisioner(client *ca.Client, typ provisioner.Type, name string) (provisioner.Interface, error) {
+	cursor := ""
+	for {
+		ps, err := client.Provisioners(ca.WithProvisionerCursor(cursor))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		for _, p := range ps.Provisioners {
+			if p.GetType() == typ && p.GetName() == name {
+				return p, nil
+			}
+		}
+		if ps.NextCursor == "" {
+			return nil, errors.Errorf("provisioner with name %s was not found", name)
+		}
+		cursor = ps.NextCursor
+	}
+}

cas/stepcas/jwk_issuer_test.go

@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_SignToken(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	signer, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 
 	type fields struct {
-		caURL   *url.URL
-		keyFile string
-		issuer  string
+		caURL  *url.URL
+		issuer string
+		signer jose.Signer
 	}
 	type args struct {
 		subject string
@@ -35,16 +39,15 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_SignToken(t *testing.T) {
 		args    args
 		wantErr bool
 	}{
-		{"ok", fields{caURL, testX5CKeyPath, "ra@doe.org"}, args{"doe", []string{"doe.org"}}, false},
-		{"fail key", fields{caURL, "", "ra@doe.org"}, args{"doe", []string{"doe.org"}}, true},
-		{"fail no signer", fields{caURL, testIssPath, "ra@doe.org"}, args{"doe", []string{"doe.org"}}, true},
+		{"ok", fields{caURL, "ra@doe.org", signer}, args{"doe", []string{"doe.org"}}, false},
+		{"fail", fields{caURL, "ra@doe.org", &mockErrSigner{}}, args{"doe", []string{"doe.org"}}, true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			i := &jwkIssuer{
-				caURL:   tt.fields.caURL,
-				keyFile: tt.fields.keyFile,
-				issuer:  tt.fields.issuer,
+				caURL:  tt.fields.caURL,
+				issuer: tt.fields.issuer,
+				signer: tt.fields.signer,
 			}
 			got, err := i.SignToken(tt.args.subject, tt.args.sans)
 			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
@@ -78,11 +81,15 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_RevokeToken(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	signer, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 
 	type fields struct {
-		caURL   *url.URL
-		keyFile string
-		issuer  string
+		caURL  *url.URL
+		issuer string
+		signer jose.Signer
 	}
 	type args struct {
 		subject string
@@ -98,16 +105,15 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_RevokeToken(t *testing.T) {
 		args    args
 		wantErr bool
 	}{
-		{"ok", fields{caURL, testX5CKeyPath, "ra@smallstep.com"}, args{"doe"}, false},
-		{"fail key", fields{caURL, "", "ra@smallstep.com"}, args{"doe"}, true},
-		{"fail no signer", fields{caURL, testIssPath, "ra@smallstep.com"}, args{"doe"}, true},
+		{"ok", fields{caURL, "ra@doe.org", signer}, args{"doe"}, false},
+		{"ok", fields{caURL, "ra@doe.org", &mockErrSigner{}}, args{"doe"}, true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			i := &jwkIssuer{
-				caURL:   tt.fields.caURL,
-				keyFile: tt.fields.keyFile,
-				issuer:  tt.fields.issuer,
+				caURL:  tt.fields.caURL,
+				issuer: tt.fields.issuer,
+				signer: tt.fields.signer,
 			}
 			got, err := i.RevokeToken(tt.args.subject)
 			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
@@ -140,11 +146,15 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_Lifetime(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	signer, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 
 	type fields struct {
-		caURL   *url.URL
-		keyFile string
-		issuer  string
+		caURL  *url.URL
+		issuer string
+		signer jose.Signer
 	}
 	type args struct {
 		d time.Duration
@@ -155,14 +165,14 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_Lifetime(t *testing.T) {
 		args   args
 		want   time.Duration
 	}{
-		{"ok", fields{caURL, testX5CKeyPath, "ra@smallstep.com"}, args{time.Second}, time.Second},
+		{"ok", fields{caURL, "ra@smallstep.com", signer}, args{time.Second}, time.Second},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			i := &jwkIssuer{
-				caURL:   tt.fields.caURL,
-				keyFile: tt.fields.keyFile,
-				issuer:  tt.fields.issuer,
+				caURL:  tt.fields.caURL,
+				issuer: tt.fields.issuer,
+				signer: tt.fields.signer,
 			}
 			if got := i.Lifetime(tt.args.d); got != tt.want {
 				t.Errorf("jwkIssuer.Lifetime() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
@@ -170,3 +180,56 @@ func Test_jwkIssuer_Lifetime(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(t *testing.T) {
+	encrypt := func(plaintext string) string {
+		recipient := jose.Recipient{
+			Algorithm:  jose.PBES2_HS256_A128KW,
+			Key:        testPassword,
+			PBES2Count: jose.PBKDF2Iterations,
+			PBES2Salt:  []byte{0x01, 0x02},
+		}
+
+		opts := new(jose.EncrypterOptions)
+		opts.WithContentType(jose.ContentType("jwk+json"))
+
+		encrypter, err := jose.NewEncrypter(jose.DefaultEncAlgorithm, recipient, opts)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		jwe, err := encrypter.Encrypt([]byte(plaintext))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		ret, err := jwe.CompactSerialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return ret
+	}
+
+	type args struct {
+		kid      string
+		key      string
+		password string
+	}
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		args    args
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{"ok", args{testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword}, false},
+		{"fail decrypt", args{testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, "bad-password"}, true},
+		{"fail unmarshal", args{testKeyID, encrypt(`{not a json}`), testPassword}, true},
+		{"fail not signer", args{testKeyID, encrypt(`{"kty":"oct","k":"password"}`), testPassword}, true},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(tt.args.kid, tt.args.key, tt.args.password)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

cas/stepcas/stepcas.go

@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, opts apiv1.Options) (*StepCAS, error) {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "stepCAS `certificateAuthority` is not valid")
 	}
 
-	// Create configured issuer
-	iss, err := newStepIssuer(caURL, opts.CertificateIssuer)
+	// Create client.
+	client, err := ca.NewClient(opts.CertificateAuthority, ca.WithRootSHA256(opts.CertificateAuthorityFingerprint))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	// Create client.
-	client, err := ca.NewClient(opts.CertificateAuthority, ca.WithRootSHA256(opts.CertificateAuthorityFingerprint))
+	// Create configured issuer
+	iss, err := newStepIssuer(caURL, client, opts.CertificateIssuer)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

cas/stepcas/stepcas_test.go

@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/api"
+	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/provisioner"
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/ca"
 	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas/apiv1"
+	"go.step.sm/crypto/jose"
 	"go.step.sm/crypto/pemutil"
 	"go.step.sm/crypto/randutil"
 	"go.step.sm/crypto/x509util"
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ var (
 	testX5CKey                         crypto.Signer
 	testX5CPath, testX5CKeyPath        string
 	testPassword, testEncryptedKeyPath string
+	testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey     string
 
 	testCR     *x509.CertificateRequest
 	testCrt    *x509.Certificate
@@ -157,6 +160,27 @@ func testCAHelper(t *testing.T) (*url.URL, *ca.Client) {
 			writeJSON(w, api.RevokeResponse{
 				Status: "ok",
 			})
+		case r.RequestURI == "/provisioners":
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			writeJSON(w, api.ProvisionersResponse{
+				NextCursor: "cursor",
+				Provisioners: []provisioner.Interface{
+					&provisioner.JWK{
+						Type:         "JWK",
+						Name:         "ra@doe.org",
+						Key:          &jose.JSONWebKey{KeyID: testKeyID, Key: testX5CKey.Public()},
+						EncryptedKey: testEncryptedJWKKey,
+					},
+					&provisioner.JWK{
+						Type: "JWK",
+						Name: "empty@doe.org",
+						Key:  &jose.JSONWebKey{KeyID: testKeyID, Key: testX5CKey.Public()},
+					},
+				},
+			})
+		case r.RequestURI == "/provisioners?cursor=cursor":
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			writeJSON(w, api.ProvisionersResponse{})
 		default:
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
 			fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"error":"not found"}`)
@@ -203,12 +227,16 @@ func testX5CIssuer(t *testing.T, caURL *url.URL, password string) *x5cIssuer {
 
 func testJWKIssuer(t *testing.T, caURL *url.URL, password string) *jwkIssuer {
 	t.Helper()
-	key, givenPassword := testX5CKeyPath, password
+	client, err := ca.NewClient(caURL.String(), ca.WithTransport(http.DefaultTransport))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	key := testX5CKeyPath
 	if password != "" {
 		key = testEncryptedKeyPath
 		password = testPassword
 	}
-	jwk, err := newJWKIssuer(caURL, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+	jwk, err := newJWKIssuer(caURL, client, &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
 		Type:        "jwk",
 		Provisioner: "ra@doe.org",
 		Key:         key,
@@ -217,7 +245,7 @@ func testJWKIssuer(t *testing.T, caURL *url.URL, password string) *jwkIssuer {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	jwk.password = givenPassword
+
 	return jwk
 }
 
@@ -225,6 +253,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	testRootCrt, testRootKey = mustSignCertificate("Test Root Certificate", nil, x509util.DefaultRootTemplate, nil, nil)
 	testIssCrt, testIssKey = mustSignCertificate("Test Intermediate Certificate", nil, x509util.DefaultIntermediateTemplate, testRootCrt, testRootKey)
 	testX5CCrt, testX5CKey = mustSignCertificate("Test X5C Certificate", nil, x509util.DefaultLeafTemplate, testIssCrt, testIssKey)
+	testRootFingerprint = x509util.Fingerprint(testRootCrt)
 
 	// Final certificate.
 	var err error
@@ -241,14 +270,27 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 
-	// Password used to encrypto the key
+	// Password used to encrypt the key.
 	testPassword, err = randutil.Hex(32)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 
-	testRootFingerprint = x509util.Fingerprint(testRootCrt)
+	// Encrypted JWK key used when the key is downloaded from the CA.
+	jwe, err := jose.EncryptJWK(&jose.JSONWebKey{Key: testX5CKey}, []byte(testPassword))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	testEncryptedJWKKey, err = jwe.CompactSerialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	testKeyID, err = jose.Thumbprint(&jose.JSONWebKey{Key: testX5CKey})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
 
+	// Create test files.
 	path, err := ioutil.TempDir(os.TempDir(), "stepcas")
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -301,6 +343,11 @@ func Test_init(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
 	caURL, client := testCAHelper(t)
+	signer, err := newJWKSignerFromEncryptedKey(testKeyID, testEncryptedJWKKey, testPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	type args struct {
 		ctx  context.Context
 		opts apiv1.Options
@@ -340,9 +387,26 @@ func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}}, &StepCAS{
 			iss: &jwkIssuer{
-				caURL:   caURL,
-				keyFile: testX5CKeyPath,
-				issuer:  "ra@doe.org",
+				caURL:  caURL,
+				issuer: "ra@doe.org",
+				signer: signer,
+			},
+			client:      client,
+			fingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
+		}, false},
+		{"ok jwk provisioners", args{context.TODO(), apiv1.Options{
+			CertificateAuthority:            caURL.String(),
+			CertificateAuthorityFingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
+			CertificateIssuer: &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+				Type:        "jwk",
+				Provisioner: "ra@doe.org",
+				Password:    testPassword,
+			},
+		}}, &StepCAS{
+			iss: &jwkIssuer{
+				caURL:  caURL,
+				issuer: "ra@doe.org",
+				signer: signer,
 			},
 			client:      client,
 			fingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
@@ -396,6 +460,33 @@ func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
 				Key:         testX5CKeyPath,
 			},
 		}}, nil, true},
+		{"fail provisioner not found", args{context.TODO(), apiv1.Options{
+			CertificateAuthority:            caURL.String(),
+			CertificateAuthorityFingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
+			CertificateIssuer: &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+				Type:        "jwk",
+				Provisioner: "notfound@doe.org",
+				Password:    testPassword,
+			},
+		}}, nil, true},
+		{"fail invalid password", args{context.TODO(), apiv1.Options{
+			CertificateAuthority:            caURL.String(),
+			CertificateAuthorityFingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
+			CertificateIssuer: &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+				Type:        "jwk",
+				Provisioner: "ra@doe.org",
+				Password:    "bad-password",
+			},
+		}}, nil, true},
+		{"fail no key", args{context.TODO(), apiv1.Options{
+			CertificateAuthority:            caURL.String(),
+			CertificateAuthorityFingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
+			CertificateIssuer: &apiv1.CertificateIssuer{
+				Type:        "jwk",
+				Provisioner: "empty@doe.org",
+				Password:    testPassword,
+			},
+		}}, nil, true},
 		{"fail certificate", args{context.TODO(), apiv1.Options{
 			CertificateAuthority:            caURL.String(),
 			CertificateAuthorityFingerprint: testRootFingerprint,
@@ -496,9 +587,12 @@ func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("New() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
 				return
 			}
-			// We cannot compare client
+			// We cannot compare neither the client nor the signer.
 			if got != nil && tt.want != nil {
 				got.client = tt.want.client
+				if jwk, ok := got.iss.(*jwkIssuer); ok {
+					jwk.signer = signer
+				}
 			}
 			if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, tt.want) {
 				t.Errorf("New() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
@@ -514,7 +608,6 @@ func TestStepCAS_CreateCertificate(t *testing.T) {
 	x5cEnc := testX5CIssuer(t, caURL, testPassword)
 	jwkEnc := testJWKIssuer(t, caURL, testPassword)
 	x5cBad := testX5CIssuer(t, caURL, "bad-password")
-	jwkBad := testJWKIssuer(t, caURL, "bad-password")
 
 	type fields struct {
 		iss         stepIssuer
@@ -579,10 +672,6 @@ func TestStepCAS_CreateCertificate(t *testing.T) {
 			CSR:      testCR,
 			Lifetime: time.Hour,
 		}}, nil, true},
-		{"fail jwk password", fields{jwkBad, client, testRootFingerprint}, args{&apiv1.CreateCertificateRequest{
-			CSR:      testCR,
-			Lifetime: time.Hour,
-		}}, nil, true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -658,7 +747,6 @@ func TestStepCAS_RevokeCertificate(t *testing.T) {
 	x5cEnc := testX5CIssuer(t, caURL, testPassword)
 	jwkEnc := testJWKIssuer(t, caURL, testPassword)
 	x5cBad := testX5CIssuer(t, caURL, "bad-password")
-	jwkBad := testJWKIssuer(t, caURL, "bad-password")
 
 	type fields struct {
 		iss         stepIssuer
@@ -729,10 +817,6 @@ func TestStepCAS_RevokeCertificate(t *testing.T) {
 			SerialNumber: "ok",
 			Certificate:  nil,
 		}}, nil, true},
-		{"fail jwk password", fields{jwkBad, client, testRootFingerprint}, args{&apiv1.RevokeCertificateRequest{
-			SerialNumber: "ok",
-			Certificate:  nil,
-		}}, nil, true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {